Reproduction : Vegetative, asexual and sexual modes of reproduction in angiosperms, micro-and megasporogenesis, pollination, fertilization and seed development.
Cell Biology : Ultrastructure and functions of cell organelles, cell cycle, structure of chromosomes, mitosis and meiosis, numerical and structural changes in chromosomes. Genetics: Mendal’s law of inheritance, linkage and gene mapping, nature of genetic material, development of gene concept and genetic code, mutation.
Molecular Biology: Elementary idea of the structure of carbohydrates, proteins and fats, nucleic acids structure and their role in protein synthesis, genetic engineering and plant improvement.
Plant Pathology : Principle of plant pathology, disease types, pathogens, pathogenesis, symptomatology, etiology and control.
Plant in Relation to Human welfare : Plants as sources of food, fibre, timber, drugs, biopesticides, biofertilizers, energy plantation.
Plants and Environment : Abiotic and biotic components, ecosystem, ecological adaptations, community and succession, natural resources and their conservation, environmental pollution and control, plants as indicator of pollution.